Decision of the State Council on printing and distributing the "carbon peak by 2030"


Notification of action plan


GF [2021] No. 23




People's governments of provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the central government, ministries and commissions of the State Council and institutions directly under the State Council:


The action plan for reaching the carbon peak by 2030 is now printed and distributed to you. Please implement it carefully.


the State Council


October 24, 2021


(this article has been deleted)






Carbon peak action plan before 2030




This plan is formulated in order to thoroughly implement the major strategic decisions of the Party Central Committee and the State Council on carbon peak and carbon neutrality, and to promote the carbon peak action in a down-to-earth manner.


1、 General requirements


（1） Guiding ideology. We will make overall plans to stabilize growth and adjust the structure, bring carbon peak and carbon neutrality into the overall situation of economic and social development, adhere to the general policy of "national overall planning, saving priority, two wheel drive, smooth internal and external flow, and risk prevention", vigorously, orderly and effectively do a good job in carbon peak, clarify the goals and tasks of all regions, fields and industries, and accelerate the green transformation of production and lifestyle, We will promote economic and social development on the basis of efficient use of resources and green and low-carbon development, and ensure that the goal of reaching the carbon peak by 2030 is achieved as scheduled.


（2） Working principle.


——Overall deployment and classified implementation. Adhere to the national game of chess, strengthen top-level design and overall planning by all parties. All regions, all fields and all industries should adopt measures according to local conditions and implement policies according to categories, and define goals and tasks that meet their own reality and overall requirements.


——Systematic promotion and key breakthroughs. Fully and accurately understand the far-reaching impact of the carbon Summit on economic and social development, and strengthen the systematicness and synergy of policies. Grasp the main contradictions and the main aspects of contradictions, and promote key fields, industries and places with conditions to take the lead in reaching the peak.


——Two wheel drive, two hands. We will give better play to the role of the government, build a new national system, give full play to the role of the market mechanism, vigorously promote green and low-carbon scientific and technological innovation, deepen reform in energy and related fields, and form an effective incentive and constraint mechanism.


——Stable, orderly and safe carbon reduction. Based on China's energy resource endowment, which is rich in coal, poor in oil and less in gas, we should adhere to the principle of standing first and breaking down later, stabilize the stock and expand the increment, take the protection of national energy security and economic development as the bottom line, strive for time to realize the gradual replacement of new energy, promote the smooth transition of low-carbon energy transformation, effectively ensure national energy security, industrial chain supply chain security, food security and the normal production and life of the people, strive to resolve all kinds of risks and hidden dangers, and prevent overreaction, We will steadily, orderly and step-by-step promote the carbon peak action to ensure safe carbon reduction.


2、 Main objectives


During the 14th Five Year Plan period, significant progress was made in the adjustment and optimization of the industrial structure and energy structure, the energy utilization efficiency of key industries was significantly improved, the growth of coal consumption was strictly controlled, the construction of a new power system was accelerated, new progress was made in the research and development, promotion and application of green and low-carbon technologies, the green production and lifestyle were widely promoted, and the policy system conducive to green and low-carbon circular development was further improved. By 2025, the proportion of non fossil energy consumption will reach about 20%, the energy consumption per unit of GDP will decrease by 13.5% compared with 2020, and the carbon dioxide emissions per unit of GDP will decrease by 18% compared with 2020, laying a solid foundation for achieving carbon peak.


During the 10th Five Year Plan period, major progress was made in the adjustment of industrial structure, a clean, low-carbon, safe and efficient energy system was initially established, a low-carbon development model in key fields was basically formed, the energy utilization efficiency of key energy consuming industries reached international advanced levels, the proportion of non fossil energy consumption was further increased, coal consumption was gradually reduced, key breakthroughs were made in green low-carbon technology, and the green lifestyle became a conscious choice of the public, The policy system for green, low-carbon and circular development was basically sound. By 2030, the proportion of non fossil energy consumption will reach about 25%, and the carbon dioxide emissions per unit of GDP will be reduced by more than 65% compared with 2005, successfully achieving the goal of peaking carbon by 2030.


3、 Key tasks


We will implement carbon peak throughout the whole process and all aspects of economic and social development, focusing on the implementation of green and low-carbon transformation of energy, energy conservation, carbon reduction and efficiency enhancement, carbon peak action in industrial areas, carbon peak action in urban and rural construction, green and low-carbon action in transportation, circular economy to help reduce carbon, green and Low-carbon Science and technology innovation, carbon sink capacity consolidation and improvement, green and low-carbon national action The "top ten carbon peak actions" such as the orderly carbon peak actions in various regions.


（1） Green and low-carbon transformation of energy.


Energy is an important material basis for economic and social development, and also the main source of carbon emissions. We should adhere to safe carbon reduction, vigorously implement renewable energy substitution, and accelerate the construction of a clean, low-carbon, safe and efficient energy system on the premise of ensuring energy security.


1. Promote coal consumption substitution, transformation and upgrading. We will accelerate the pace of coal reduction, strictly and reasonably control the growth of coal consumption during the 14th Five Year Plan period, and gradually reduce it during the 15th Five Year Plan period. We will strictly control new coal-fired power projects, ensure that the coal consumption standards of new units reach the international advanced level, eliminate backward coal-fired power production capacity in an orderly manner, accelerate the energy-saving upgrading and flexible transformation of existing units, actively promote heating transformation, and promote the transformation of coal-fired power into both basic and system regulated power sources. Strictly control the scale of cross regional transmission of renewable energy power and supporting coal power, and in principle, the proportion of renewable energy power in new channels shall not be less than 50%. We will promote the reduction and limitation of coal in key coal consuming industries. We will vigorously promote the clean use of coal, rationally designate areas where scattered coal burning is prohibited, take multiple measures to actively and orderly promote the replacement of scattered coal, and gradually reduce or ban scattered coal burning.


2. Vigorously develop new energy. We will comprehensively promote the large-scale development and high-quality development of wind power and solar power generation, adhere to centralized and distributed development, and accelerate the construction of wind power and photovoltaic power generation bases. We will accelerate the innovation and upgrading of the intelligent photovoltaic industry and its characteristic applications, innovate the "photovoltaic +" model, and promote the diversified layout of photovoltaic power generation. We will pay equal attention to land and sea, promote the coordinated and rapid development of wind power, improve the offshore wind power industry chain, and encourage the construction of offshore wind power bases. We will actively develop solar photothermal power generation, and promote the establishment of a solar thermal integrated renewable energy power generation base with complementary regulation of solar thermal power generation, photovoltaic power generation and wind power. Develop biomass power generation, clean heating with biomass energy and bio natural gas according to local conditions. Explore and deepen the development and utilization of geothermal energy, wave energy, tidal energy, temperature difference energy and other new marine energy. We will further improve the mechanism for ensuring the consumption of renewable energy and electricity. By 2030, the total installed capacity of wind and solar power generation will reach more than 1.2 billion kilowatts.


3. Develop hydropower according to local conditions. Actively promote the construction of hydropower bases, promote the commencement of hydropower projects in the upper reaches of the Jinsha River, the upper reaches of the Lancang River, the middle reaches of the Yalong River and the upper reaches of the Yellow River that have been included in the plan and meet the requirements of ecological protection, promote the hydropower development in the lower reaches of the Yarlung Zangbo River, and promote the green development of small hydropower. Promote the synergy and complementarity of hydropower, wind power and solar power generation in Southwest China. We will make overall plans for hydropower development and ecological protection, and explore the establishment of a compensation mechanism for hydropower resources development and ecological protection. During the 14th five year plan and the 15th five year plan, the installed capacity of hydropower was increased by about 40 million kilowatts, and the renewable energy system dominated by hydropower in Southwest China was basically established.


4. Actively, safely and orderly develop nuclear power. Rationally determine the layout and development sequence of nuclear power plants, orderly develop nuclear power under the premise of ensuring safety, and maintain a steady pace of construction. We will actively promote advanced reactor type demonstration projects such as high-temperature gas cooled reactors, fast reactors, modular small reactors, and offshore floating reactors, and carry out demonstration of comprehensive utilization of nuclear energy. We will intensify the standardization and autonomy of nuclear power, accelerate the research of key technologies and equipment, and cultivate high-end nuclear power equipment manufacturing industry clusters. We will implement the strictest safety standards and the strictest supervision, and continue to improve our nuclear safety supervision capacity.


5. Reasonably regulate and control oil and gas consumption. We will keep oil consumption within a reasonable range, gradually adjust the scale of gasoline consumption, vigorously promote the replacement of traditional fuels with advanced biological liquid fuels and sustainable aviation fuels, and improve the energy efficiency of terminal fuel products. We will accelerate the large-scale development of unconventional oil and gas resources such as shale gas, coalbed methane, and tight oil (gas). We will guide natural gas consumption in an orderly manner, optimize the utilization structure, give priority to ensuring people's gas consumption, vigorously promote the integrated development of natural gas and multiple energy sources, build natural gas peak shaving power stations according to local conditions, and reasonably guide industrial gas and chemical raw material gas. Support vehicles and ships to use liquefied natural gas as fuel.


6. Speed up the construction of new power systems. We will build a new power system in which the proportion of new energy is gradually increasing, and promote the optimal allocation of clean power resources on a large scale. We will vigorously improve the comprehensive regulation capacity of the power system, accelerate the construction of flexible regulation power sources, guide self-contained power plants, traditional high energy industrial loads, industrial and commercial interruptible loads, electric vehicle charging networks, virtual power plants, etc. to participate in system regulation, build strong smart grids, and improve the level of power grid security. We will actively develop "new energy + energy storage", integration of source network, load and storage, and multi energy complementarity, and support distributed new energy to rationally allocate energy storage systems. Formulate a new round of medium and long-term development plans for pumped storage power stations, and improve the policy mechanism to promote the development of pumped storage power stations. Accelerate the demonstration, promotion and application of new energy storage technologies. Deepen the reform of the power system and accelerate the construction of a unified national power market system. By 2025, the installed capacity of new energy storage will reach more than 30 million kilowatts. By 2030, the installed capacity of pumped storage power stations will reach about 120 million kilowatts, and the provincial power grid will basically have a peak load response capacity of more than 5%.

（2） Energy conservation, carbon reduction and efficiency enhancement.


We will implement the principle of giving priority to conservation, improve the dual control system of energy consumption intensity and total amount, strictly control energy consumption intensity, reasonably control total energy consumption, promote the revolution in energy consumption, and build an energy-saving society.


1. Comprehensively improve energy conservation management capability. We will implement energy budget management, strengthen energy conservation review of fixed asset investment projects, comprehensively evaluate the energy consumption and carbon emissions of projects, and promote energy conservation and carbon reduction from the source. We will improve the informatization level of energy conservation management, improve the on-line monitoring system for energy consumption of key energy consuming units, establish a national and industrial energy conservation technology promotion service platform, and promote high energy consuming enterprises to establish energy management centers. We will improve the energy metering system and encourage the use of certification to improve energy conservation management. We will strengthen the building of energy conservation monitoring capacity, improve the three-level energy conservation monitoring system at the provincial, municipal and county levels, establish a cross departmental linkage mechanism, and comprehensively use administrative penalties, credit supervision, green electricity prices and other means to strengthen the binding force of energy conservation monitoring.


2. Implement key projects for energy conservation and carbon reduction. We will implement urban energy conservation and carbon reduction projects, carry out energy conservation upgrading and transformation of infrastructure such as buildings, transportation, lighting and heating, promote the demonstration and application of advanced green building technologies, and promote the improvement of comprehensive energy efficiency in cities. Implement energy conservation and carbon reduction projects in the park, focus on the park with high concentration of high energy consumption and high emission projects (hereinafter referred to as "two high" projects), promote the optimization and cascade utilization of the energy system, and create a number of energy conservation and low-carbon parks that reach the international advanced level. We will implement energy conservation and carbon reduction projects in key industries, promote energy conservation and carbon reduction transformation in power, steel, non-ferrous metals, building materials, petrochemical and chemical industries, and improve the efficiency of energy and resources utilization. We will implement major energy conservation and carbon reduction technology demonstration projects, and support the industrialization demonstration and application of green and low-carbon key technologies that have made breakthroughs.


3. Promote energy conservation and efficiency improvement of key energy consuming equipment. We will focus on motors, fans, pumps, compressors, transformers, heat exchangers, industrial boilers and other equipment, and comprehensively improve energy efficiency standards. Establish an energy efficiency oriented incentive and constraint mechanism, promote advanced and efficient products and equipment, and accelerate the elimination of backward and inefficient equipment. We will strengthen the energy conservation review and daily supervision of key energy consuming equipment, strengthen the whole chain management of production, operation, sales, use and scrapping, severely crack down on violations of laws and regulations, and ensure the full implementation of energy efficiency standards and energy conservation requirements.


4. Strengthen energy conservation and carbon reduction of new infrastructure. Optimize the spatial layout of new infrastructure, make overall planning and scientific allocation of new infrastructure such as data centers, and avoid low-level redundant construction. We will optimize the energy consumption structure of new infrastructure, adopt DC power supply, distributed energy storage, "photovoltaic + energy storage" and other modes, explore diversified energy supply, and increase the proportion of non fossil energy consumption. We will benchmark the international advanced level, accelerate the improvement of energy efficiency standards for communication, computing, storage, transmission and other equipment, raise the entry threshold, and eliminate backward equipment and technology. We will strengthen the management of energy consumption of new infrastructure, include all data centers with an annual comprehensive energy consumption of more than 10000 tons of standard coal into the online monitoring system for energy consumption of key energy consuming units, and carry out energy metering review. We will promote green upgrading and transformation of existing facilities, actively promote the use of high-efficiency refrigeration, advanced ventilation, waste heat utilization, intelligent energy use control and other technologies, and improve the energy efficiency of facilities.

（3） Carbon peak action in industry.


Industry is one of the main areas of carbon emissions, which has an important impact on the overall realization of carbon peak in the country. In the industrial field, we should accelerate the green and low-carbon transformation and high-quality development, and strive to take the lead in achieving carbon peak.


1. Promote green and low-carbon development in industry. Optimize the industrial structure, accelerate the withdrawal of backward production capacity, vigorously develop strategic emerging industries, and accelerate the green and low-carbon transformation of traditional industries. We will promote low-carbon industrial energy consumption, promote clean and efficient utilization of fossil energy, increase the proportion of renewable energy applications, strengthen power demand side management, and improve industrial electrification. We will deepen the implementation of green manufacturing projects, vigorously promote green design, improve the green manufacturing system, and build green factories and green industrial parks. We will promote the integrated development of digital, intelligent and green industries, and strengthen technological transformation in key industries and fields.


2. Promote the carbon peak of the steel industry. Deepen the supply side structural reform of the steel industry, strictly implement capacity replacement, prohibit new production capacity, promote stock optimization, and eliminate backward production capacity. We will promote cross regional and cross ownership mergers and reorganizations of iron and steel enterprises, and improve the concentration of the industry. We will optimize the distribution of productive forces, focus on Beijing, Tianjin, Hebei and surrounding areas, and continue to reduce steel production capacity. We will promote structural optimization and clean energy substitution in the steel industry, vigorously promote the demonstration of non blast furnace ironmaking technology, improve the recycling level of scrap resources, and implement the all scrap electric furnace process. We will promote advanced and applicable technologies, deeply tap the potential for energy conservation and carbon reduction, encourage joint production of steel and chemicals, explore and carry out pilot demonstrations of hydrogen metallurgy and integration of carbon dioxide capture and utilization, and promote the development of low-grade waste heat heating.


3. Promote the carbon peak of the non-ferrous metal industry. We will consolidate the achievements in resolving excess capacity of electrolytic aluminum, strictly implement capacity replacement, and strictly control new production capacity. We will promote the substitution of clean energy and increase the proportion of hydropower, wind power, solar power and other applications. We will accelerate the development of the recycling non-ferrous metal industry, improve the recycling, sorting and processing network of waste non-ferrous metal resources, and increase the output of recycled non-ferrous metals. We will accelerate the promotion and application of advanced and applicable green and low-carbon technologies, improve the level of waste heat recovery in non-ferrous metal production, and promote the continuous reduction of energy consumption per unit product.


4. Promote the carbon peak of building materials industry. Strengthen the supervision of capacity replacement, accelerate the exit of inefficient capacity, prohibit the new production capacity of cement clinker and flat glass, and guide the transformation of building materials industry to light, intensive and finished products. Promote the normalization of cement off peak production and reasonably shorten the operation time of cement clinker plant. We should make use of renewable energy such as wind energy and solar energy according to local conditions, and gradually increase the proportion of electricity and natural gas applications. Building materials enterprises are encouraged to use fly ash, industrial waste residue, tailings residue, etc. as raw materials or cement mixtures. Accelerate the certification and application promotion of green building materials, and strengthen the R & D and application of new cementitious materials, low-carbon concrete, wood and bamboo building materials and other low-carbon building materials. Promote energy-saving technologies and equipment, carry out the construction of energy management system, and achieve energy conservation and efficiency.


5. Promote the carbon peak of petrochemical and chemical industry. Optimize the scale and layout of production capacity, increase the elimination of backward production capacity, and effectively resolve the contradiction of structural surplus. Strict project access, reasonable construction schedule, strict control of new oil refining and traditional coal chemical production capacity, and steady and orderly development of modern coal chemical industry. We will guide enterprises to change the way they use energy and encourage the substitution of electricity and natural gas for coal. Adjust the raw material structure, control the use of coal for new raw materials, expand the import source of hydrogen rich raw materials, and promote the lightness of petrochemical and chemical raw materials. Optimize the product structure, promote the coordinated development of petrochemical and chemical industry, coal mining, metallurgy, building materials, chemical fiber and other industries, and strengthen the efficient utilization of refinery dry gas, liquefied gas and other by-products. We will encourage enterprises to upgrade and transform energy conservation and promote the cascade utilization of energy and the recycling of materials. By 2025, the primary processing capacity of domestic crude oil will be controlled within 1 billion tons, and the capacity utilization rate of major products will be increased to more than 80%.


6. Resolutely curb the blind development of "two highs" projects. Take strong measures to implement list management, classified disposal and dynamic monitoring of "two high" projects. Comprehensively check the projects under construction, stop work for rectification according to relevant regulations if the energy efficiency level is lower than the energy consumption quota access value of the industry, promote the energy efficiency level to be improved as much as possible, and strive to fully reach the domestic and even international advanced level. Scientifically evaluate the proposed project, and reduce the production capacity of industries with saturated production capacity according to the principle of "reduction and substitution"; For industries whose production capacity is not yet saturated, the entry threshold should be raised against the international advanced level in accordance with the requirements of national layout, approval and filing; For emerging industries with large energy consumption, support and guide enterprises to apply green and low-carbon technologies and improve energy efficiency. We will deeply tap the potential of existing projects, accelerate the elimination of backward production capacity, and tap the potential of energy conservation and emission reduction through transformation and upgrading. We will strengthen regular supervision and resolutely win "two highs" projects that do not meet the requirements.

（4） Urban and rural construction carbon peak action.


Accelerate green and low-carbon development in urban and rural construction, and implement green and low-carbon requirements in urban renewal and Rural Revitalization.


1. Promote the green and low-carbon transformation of urban and rural construction. We will promote the development of urban clusters, scientifically determine the scale of construction, and control the excessive growth of new construction land. Advocate the concept of green and low-carbon planning and design, enhance the resilience of urban and rural climate, and build a sponge city. Promote green low-carbon building materials and green construction methods, accelerate the industrialization of new buildings, vigorously develop prefabricated buildings, promote steel structure housing, promote the recycling of building materials, and strengthen green design and green construction management. Strengthen the green and low-carbon construction of the county. We will promote the establishment of a green and low-carbon oriented urban and rural planning and construction management mechanism, formulate building demolition management measures, and put an end to large-scale demolition and construction. Build green towns and communities.


2. Accelerate the improvement of building energy efficiency. We will accelerate the updating of standards for building energy conservation and municipal infrastructure, and raise the requirements for energy conservation and carbon reduction. We will strengthen the research and development and promotion of energy-saving and low-carbon technologies suitable for different climate zones and different building types, and promote the large-scale development of ultra-low energy consumption buildings and low-carbon buildings. We will accelerate the energy-saving transformation of residential buildings and public buildings, and continue to promote the transformation of old heating networks and other municipal infrastructure to save energy and reduce carbon. We will improve the intelligent operation and management of urban buildings and infrastructure, accelerate the promotion of heating metering and charging and contract energy management, and gradually carry out energy consumption quota management of public buildings. By 2025, new buildings in cities and towns will fully implement green building standards.


3. Accelerate the optimization of building energy consumption structure. We will deepen the application of renewable energy in buildings and promote the integrated application of photovoltaic power generation and buildings. We will actively promote clean heating in severe and cold regions, promote cogeneration and central heating, accelerate the large-scale application of industrial waste heat heating, actively and steadily carry out nuclear heating demonstration, and implement clean low-carbon heating such as heat pump, biomass energy, geothermal energy and solar energy according to local conditions. We will guide regions with hot summer and cold winter to use scientific heating and adopt clean and efficient heating methods according to local conditions. Improve the electrification level of building terminals, and build "light storage, direct and flexible" buildings integrating photovoltaic power generation, energy storage, DC power distribution and flexible power consumption. By 2025, the replacement rate of renewable energy in urban buildings will reach 8%, and the roof photovoltaic coverage rate of new public institution buildings and new factories will strive to reach 50%.


4. Promote rural construction and low-carbon transformation of energy use. We will promote the construction of green farm houses and accelerate the energy-saving transformation of farm houses. We will continue to promote clean heating in rural areas and choose appropriate heating methods according to local conditions. Develop energy-saving and low-carbon agricultural greenhouses. We will promote energy-saving and environmentally friendly cooking utensils, electric agricultural vehicles, energy-saving and environmentally friendly agricultural machinery and fishing boats. We will accelerate the application of renewable energy such as biomass energy and solar energy in agricultural production and rural life. We will strengthen the construction of rural power grids and improve the level of rural electrification.


（5） Green and low-carbon action in transportation.


We will accelerate the formation of green and low-carbon modes of transportation and ensure that the growth of carbon emissions in the field of transportation remains within a reasonable range.


1. Promote the low-carbon transformation of transportation tools and equipment. We will actively expand the application of new and clean energy such as electricity, hydrogen, natural gas and advanced biological liquid fuels in the field of transportation. We will vigorously promote new energy vehicles, gradually reduce the proportion of traditional fuel vehicles in the production and sales of new vehicles and vehicle ownership, promote the electric replacement of urban public service vehicles, and promote heavy cargo vehicles powered by electricity, hydrogen and liquefied natural gas. Improve the electrification level of the railway system. We will accelerate the renovation of old ships, develop electric and liquefied natural gas powered ships, further promote the use of shore power in ship berthing, and carry out demonstration applications of green and intelligent ships in coastal and inland rivers according to local conditions. We will improve the electric and intelligent operation of airports and develop new energy aircraft. By 2030, the proportion of vehicles powered by new energy and clean energy will reach about 40%, the carbon emission intensity per unit converted turnover of operating vehicles will decrease by about 9.5% compared with 2020, and the comprehensive energy consumption per unit converted turnover of national railways will decrease by 10% compared with 2020. Land transportation and oil consumption will reach a peak by 2030.


2. Build a green and efficient transportation system. Develop intelligent transportation, promote rational division of labor and effective connection between different modes of transportation, and reduce the no-load rate and unreasonable passenger and freight turnover. We will vigorously develop multimodal transport with railways and waterways as the backbone, promote the construction of industrial and mining enterprises, ports, logistics parks and other special railway lines, accelerate the construction of high-grade inland waterway networks, and speed up the "public to rail" and "public to water" transport of bulk goods and medium and long-distance goods. Accelerate the application of advanced and applicable technologies, improve the efficiency of civil aviation operation and management, guide aviation enterprises to strengthen intelligent operation, and achieve systematic energy conservation and carbon reduction. We will accelerate the construction of the urban and rural logistics and distribution system and innovate a green, low-carbon, intensive and efficient distribution model. We will build an efficient, connected, fast and comfortable public transport service system, and actively guide the public to choose green and low-carbon modes of transport. During the "14th five year plan" period, the annual average growth rate of container iron water combined transport volume was more than 15%. By 2030, the proportion of urban green travel with a permanent resident population of more than 1 million will not be less than 70%.


3. Accelerate the construction of green transportation infrastructure. The concept of green and low-carbon will be applied throughout the whole process of transportation infrastructure planning, construction, operation and maintenance to reduce energy consumption and carbon emissions throughout the life cycle. Carry out green upgrading and transformation of transportation infrastructure, make overall use of resources such as line location, land and airspace of comprehensive transportation channels, increase the integration of resources such as coastline and anchorage, and improve utilization efficiency. We will promote the construction of infrastructure such as charging piles, supporting power grids, filling (gas) stations and hydrogen stations in an orderly manner, and improve the level of urban public transport infrastructure. By 2030, vehicles and equipment in the civil transport airport will be fully electrified.

（6） Circular economy helps reduce carbon.


We should seize the source of resource utilization, vigorously develop the circular economy, comprehensively improve the efficiency of resource utilization, and give full play to the synergy of reducing resource consumption and carbon reduction.


1. Promote the circular development of industrial parks. With the goal of improving resource output rate and recycling utilization rate, optimize the spatial layout of the park and carry out recycling transformation of the park. Promote the combination of circular production and industrial recycling of enterprises in the park, organize enterprises to implement clean production transformation, promote comprehensive utilization of wastes, cascade utilization of energy and recycling of water resources, promote the recycling and utilization of industrial residual pressure and waste heat, waste gas, waste liquid and residue, and actively promote centralized gas and heat supply. Build a shared platform for infrastructure and public services, and strengthen the material flow management of the park. By 2030, all key industrial parks above the provincial level will be transformed into circular ones.


2. Strengthen comprehensive utilization of bulk solid wastes. Improve the comprehensive development and utilization level and comprehensive utilization rate of mineral resources, focus on coal gangue, fly ash, tailings, CO associated ore, smelting slag, industrial by-product gypsum, construction waste, crop straw and other large-scale solid wastes, support large-scale and high-value utilization, and encourage their application to replace primary non-metallic ore, sandstone and other resources. On the premise of ensuring safety and environmental protection, we will explore the application of phosphogypsum in soil improvement, underground filling and subgrade construction. We will promote the recycling of construction waste and the in-situ recycling of waste pavement materials. Accelerate the high-value utilization of straw, improve the collection, storage and transportation system, and strictly prohibit burning. We will accelerate the construction of demonstration projects for the comprehensive utilization of large quantities of solid wastes. By 2025, the annual utilization of bulk solid waste will reach about 4 billion tons; By 2030, the annual utilization will reach about 4.5 billion tons.


3. Improve the resource recycling system. We will improve the recycling network of waste materials, promote the "Internet +" recycling model, and collect all the renewable resources. We will strengthen the standardized management of the comprehensive utilization of renewable resources industry and promote the development of industrial agglomeration. Build a modern "urban mineral" base at a high level, and promote the standardized, large-scale and clean utilization of renewable resources. We will promote the recycling of waste from retired power batteries, photovoltaic modules, wind turbine blades and other emerging industries. We will promote the high-quality development of remanufacturing industries such as auto parts, engineering machinery, and cultural affairs office equipment. We will strengthen the promotion and application of renewable resources and remanufactured products. By 2025, the recycling capacity of nine major renewable resources, including waste steel, copper, aluminum, lead, zinc, paper, plastic, rubber and glass, will reach 450 million tons, and 510 million tons by 2030.


4. Vigorously promote the reduction and recycling of domestic garbage. We will solidly promote the classification of domestic garbage, accelerate the establishment of a collection, transportation and disposal system for domestic garbage that covers the whole society, and comprehensively realize the classified release, collection, transportation and treatment. We will strengthen the whole chain of plastic pollution control, rectify excessive packaging, and promote the reduction of domestic garbage at the source. We will promote the incineration of domestic waste, reduce the proportion of landfills, and explore recycling technologies suitable for the characteristics of kitchen waste in China. We will promote the recycling of sewage. By 2025, the classification system of urban domestic waste will be basically sound, and the proportion of domestic waste recycling will increase to about 60%. By 2030, the classification of urban domestic garbage will be fully covered, and the proportion of domestic garbage recycling will be increased to 65%.

（7） Green and low-carbon scientific and technological innovation.


We will give play to the supporting and leading role of scientific and technological innovation, improve the system and mechanism of scientific and technological innovation, strengthen innovation capacity, and accelerate the green and low-carbon scientific and technological revolution.


1. Improve the innovation system and mechanism. We will formulate an action plan to support carbon peak and carbon neutralization through science and technology, set up key projects such as research and demonstration of key technologies for carbon peak and carbon neutralization in the national key R & D plan, adopt the mechanism of "putting the top of the list" and carry out research on key core technologies for low-carbon, zero carbon and negative carbon. Green and low-carbon technological innovation achievements will be included in the relevant performance appraisal of universities, scientific research institutions and state-owned enterprises. We will strengthen the dominant position of enterprises in innovation, support enterprises in undertaking major national green and Low-carbon Science and technology projects, and encourage the opening and sharing of facilities, data, and other resources. We will promote the construction of a national green technology trading center and accelerate the transformation of innovative achievements. We will strengthen the protection of green and low-carbon technologies and intellectual property rights of products. We will improve the detection, evaluation and certification system for green and low-carbon technologies and products.


2. Strengthen innovation capacity building and talent training. We will establish national laboratories, national key laboratories and national technological innovation centers related to carbon peak and carbon neutrality, appropriately advance the layout of major national scientific and technological infrastructure, and guide enterprises, universities and scientific research institutions to jointly build a number of national green and low-carbon industrial innovation centers. We will innovate the talent training model, encourage colleges and universities to accelerate the construction of disciplines and talent training in new energy, energy storage, hydrogen energy, carbon emission reduction, carbon sink, carbon emission trading, and build a number of future technology colleges, modern industry colleges, and demonstration energy colleges in the green and low-carbon field. We will deepen the integration of industry and education, encourage schools and enterprises to jointly carry out industry university cooperation and collaborative education projects, establish a carbon peak and carbon neutral industry education integration development alliance, and build a number of national energy storage technology industry education integration innovation platforms.


3. Strengthen application basic research. We implemented a number of forward-looking and strategic national major cutting-edge science and technology projects, and made breakthroughs in the research and development of low-carbon, zero carbon and negative carbon technologies and equipment. We will focus on green and intelligent development of fossil energy, clean and low-carbon utilization, large-scale utilization of renewable energy, new power systems, energy conservation, hydrogen energy, energy storage, power batteries, carbon dioxide capture, utilization and storage, and deepen basic applied research. We will actively research and develop advanced nuclear power technologies and strengthen research on frontier and disruptive technologies such as controlled nuclear fusion.


4. Accelerate the research and development, promotion and application of advanced and applicable technologies. We will concentrate on technological innovations such as safe and stable operation and control of complex large power grids, large-capacity wind power, high-efficiency photovoltaic, high-power LNG engines, large-capacity energy storage, low-cost hydrogen production from renewable energy, and low-cost carbon dioxide capture, utilization and storage. We will accelerate the research and development of basic materials such as carbon fiber, aerogel and special steel, and make up for the shortcomings of key parts, components and software. Promote advanced and mature green and low-carbon technologies and carry out demonstration applications. Build a full process, integrated and large-scale demonstration project for carbon dioxide capture, utilization and storage. We will promote the demonstration application of molten salt energy storage for heating and power generation. Accelerate the research and development and demonstration application of hydrogen energy technology, and explore large-scale applications in industry, transportation, construction and other fields.


（8） Consolidation and improvement of carbon sink capacity.


Adhere to the system concept, promote the integrated protection and restoration of mountains, rivers, forests, farmland, lakes, grass and sand, improve the quality and stability of the ecosystem, and enhance the carbon sink increment of the ecosystem.


1. Consolidate the carbon fixation role of the ecosystem. Combined with the preparation and implementation of land and space planning, we will build a pattern of land and space development and protection conducive to carbon peak and carbon neutrality. Strictly abide by the ecological protection red line, strictly control the occupation of ecological space, establish a natural reserve system with national parks as the main body, and stabilize the carbon fixation effects of existing forests, grasslands, wetlands, oceans, soils, permafrost, karst and so on. Strictly implement land use standards, strengthen the evaluation of economical and intensive land use, and promote land-saving technologies and models.


2. Improve the carbon sink capacity of the ecosystem. We will implement major projects for ecological protection and restoration. We will further promote large-scale land greening, consolidate the results of returning farmland to forests and grasslands, and expand the total amount of forest and grassland resources. We will strengthen the protection of forest resources, implement the precision improvement project of forest quality, and improve the quality and stability of forests. We will strengthen the ecological protection and restoration of grasslands and increase the comprehensive vegetation coverage of grasslands. Strengthen the protection and restoration of rivers, lakes and wetlands. We will comprehensively promote the protection and restoration of marine ecosystems and enhance the carbon fixation capacity of mangroves, seagrass beds and salt marshes. We will strengthen the restoration and control of degraded land, carry out comprehensive control of desertification, rocky desertification and soil erosion, and implement ecological restoration projects in mines left over from history. By 2030, the national forest coverage rate will reach about 25%, and the forest stock volume will reach 19 billion cubic meters.


3. Strengthen the basic support of ecosystem carbon sink. We will rely on and expand the natural resources investigation and monitoring system, make good use of the national comprehensive monitoring and evaluation results of forest and grass ecology, establish an ecosystem carbon sink monitoring and accounting system, carry out carbon sink background investigation, carbon reserve assessment and potential analysis of forests, grasslands, wetlands, oceans, soils, permafrost and karst, and monitor and evaluate the effectiveness of ecological protection and restoration of carbon sinks. We will strengthen research on basic theories, methods and cutting-edge disruptive technologies of carbon sinks in terrestrial and marine ecosystems. We will establish and improve an ecological protection compensation mechanism that can reflect the value of carbon sinks, and study and formulate relevant rules for carbon sink projects to participate in the national carbon emission trading.


4. Promote emission reduction and carbon fixation in agriculture and rural areas. We will vigorously develop green low-carbon circular agriculture and promote low-carbon agricultural models such as "complementary agriculture and solar energy", "photovoltaic + facility agriculture" and "offshore wind power + marine ranching". Develop and apply foreign exchange increasing agricultural technologies. We will carry out actions to improve the quality of arable land, implement the national black land protection project, and improve soil organic carbon reserves. We will rationally control the use of chemical fertilizers, pesticides, and plastic films, implement a reduction and substitution plan for chemical fertilizers and pesticides, and strengthen the comprehensive utilization of crop straw and the recycling of livestock and poultry manure.

（9） Green and low-carbon national action.


We will enhance the people's awareness of conservation, environmental protection and ecology, advocate a simple, moderate, green, low-carbon, civilized and healthy lifestyle, and translate the green concept into the conscious action of all the people.


1. Strengthen the publicity and education of ecological civilization. We will integrate ecological civilization education into the national education system, carry out various forms of education on resources, environment and national conditions, and popularize the basic knowledge of carbon peak and carbon neutrality. We will strengthen popular science education on ecological civilization for the public, organically integrate the concept of green and low-carbon into literary and artistic works, produce cultural and creative products and public service advertisements, and continue to carry out thematic publicity activities such as world earth day, world environment day, national energy conservation publicity week, and national low-carbon day, so as to enhance the public's awareness of green and low-carbon and promote the concept of ecological civilization to take root in the hearts of the people.


2. Promote a green and low-carbon lifestyle. We will resolutely curb extravagance and unreasonable consumption, put an end to extravagance and extravagance, and resolutely stop food waste. We will advocate energy conservation in the whole society, carry out the creation of green and low-carbon society action demonstration, deeply promote the creation of green life, select and publicize a number of excellent demonstration models, and create a new trend of green and low-carbon life. We will vigorously develop green consumption, promote green and low-carbon products, and improve the certification and labeling system for green products. We will increase the proportion of green products in government procurement.


3. Guide enterprises to fulfill their social responsibilities. Guide enterprises to actively adapt to the requirements of green and low-carbon development, strengthen their awareness of environmental responsibility, strengthen energy and resource conservation, and improve the level of green innovation. State owned enterprises in key areas, especially central enterprises, should formulate and implement enterprise carbon peak action plans and play a demonstration and leading role. Key energy users should sort out and account for their own carbon emissions, deeply study the path of carbon emission reduction, "one enterprise, one policy", formulate special work plans, and promote energy conservation and carbon reduction. Relevant listed companies and bond issuing enterprises shall regularly publish their carbon emission information in accordance with the requirements of environmental information disclosure according to law. Give full play to the role of trade associations and other social groups, and urge enterprises to consciously fulfill their social responsibilities.


4. Strengthen the training of leading cadres. Systematic understanding. Leading cadres engaged in green and low-carbon development related work should improve their professional quality and business ability as soon as possible, and effectively enhance their ability to promote green and low-carbon development.


（10） Orderly carbon peaking actions in various regions.


Each region should accurately grasp its own development orientation, combine the actual economic and social development and resource and environmental endowment of the region, adhere to classified policies, adapt measures to local conditions, link up and down, and promote the carbon peak in an orderly manner.


1. Scientifically and reasonably determine the goal of orderly reaching the peak. Regions with basically stable carbon emissions should consolidate the results of emission reduction and further reduce carbon emissions on the basis of taking the lead in achieving carbon peak. Regions with light industrial structure and excellent energy structure should adhere to green and low-carbon development, resolutely not follow the old road of relying on "two highs" projects to promote economic growth, and strive to take the lead in achieving carbon peak. Regions with a heavy industrial structure and a coal based energy structure and resource-based regions should give prominence to energy conservation and carbon reduction, vigorously optimize and adjust the industrial structure and energy structure, gradually decouple carbon emission growth from economic growth, and strive to achieve carbon peak at the same time as the whole country.


2. Promote green and low-carbon development according to local conditions. All regions should promote the green and low-carbon development of their own regions in combination with the major regional strategies, the regional coordinated development strategy and the main functional area strategy. Beijing Tianjin Hebei, Yangtze River Delta, Guangdong Hong Kong Macao Bay area and other regions should play the role of high-quality development power source and growth pole, and take the lead in promoting the comprehensive green transformation of economic and social development. The Yangtze River economic belt, the Yellow River Basin and the national ecological civilization pilot zone should strictly implement the strategic guidance of ecological priority and green development, and lead the country in green and low-carbon development. The central and western regions and the Northeast should focus on optimizing the energy structure, in accordance with the requirements of industrial policies and dual control of energy consumption, orderly promote the concentration of high energy consuming industries in clean energy advantage areas, and actively cultivate green development momentum.


3. Formulate the local peak scheme by linking up and down. The people's governments of all provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the central government should, in accordance with the overall deployment of the state and in combination with the local resources and environmental endowment, industrial layout, development stage, etc., adhere to the national game of chess without rushing ahead, scientifically formulate the local carbon peak action plan, propose a realistic and feasible carbon peak schedule, road map and construction drawing, and avoid "one size fits all" power and production restrictions or sports "carbon reduction". After the carbon peak action plan of each region is comprehensively balanced and approved by the carbon peak and carbon neutralization leading group, it will be printed and issued by the local government for implementation.


4. Organize the pilot construction of carbon peak. We will increase the support of the central government to local governments in promoting carbon peak. We will select 100 typical cities and parks to carry out pilot construction of carbon peak. We will provide support to pilot cities and parks in terms of policies, funds and technologies, accelerate the green and low-carbon transformation, and provide operational, replicable and replicable experiences and practices for the whole country.

4、 International Cooperation


（1） Deeply participate in global climate governance. We should take the initiative to participate in the construction of the global green governance system, adhere to the principles of common but differentiated responsibilities, fairness and respective capabilities, adhere to multilateralism, safeguard the international system with the United Nations at the core, and promote all parties to fully implement the United Nations Framework Convention on climate change and its Paris Agreement. Actively participate in international shipping and aviation emission reduction negotiations.


（2） Carry out green economic and trade, technological and financial cooperation. We will optimize the trade structure and vigorously develop trade in high-quality, high-tech, and high value-added green products. We will strengthen international cooperation on green standards, promote the implementation of cooperation and mutual recognition mechanisms for conformity assessment, and do a good job in linking green trade rules with import and export policies. Strengthen the import and export of energy-saving and environmental protection products and services. We will intensify cooperation in green technology, promote scientific research cooperation and technological exchanges in renewable energy, energy storage, hydrogen energy, carbon dioxide capture, utilization and storage, and actively participate in international major scientific projects such as the international thermonuclear fusion experimental reactor program. We will deepen international cooperation in green finance, actively participate in the international macro coordination of the carbon pricing mechanism and the green finance standard system, and work with relevant parties to promote the green and low-carbon transformation.


（3） Promote the construction of green "the Belt and Road". Adhering to the principle of joint consultation, joint construction and sharing, we will promote the concept of openness, green and incorruptibility, strengthen cooperation with countries that jointly build the "the Belt and Road" in the fields of green infrastructure, green energy and green finance, improve the environmental sustainability of overseas projects, build a green and inclusive "the Belt and Road" energy partnership, and expand the export of new energy technologies and products. We will give full play to the role of the the Belt and Road green development international alliance and other cooperation platforms, promote the implementation of the the Belt and Road green investment principles, and promote the the Belt and Road South South cooperation plan on climate change and the the Belt and Road action plan on science and technology innovation.


5、 Policy guarantee


（1） Establish a unified and standardized carbon emission statistical accounting system. We will strengthen the capacity-building of carbon emission statistics and accounting, deepen the research on accounting methods, and accelerate the establishment of a unified and standardized carbon emission statistics and accounting system. Support industries and enterprises to carry out research on carbon emission accounting methodology according to their own characteristics, and establish and improve the carbon emission measurement system. We will promote the development of carbon emission measurement technology, accelerate the application of remote sensing, big data, cloud computing and other emerging technologies in the field of carbon emission measurement technology, and improve the level of statistical accounting. Actively participate in the research of international carbon emission accounting methods, and promote the establishment of a more fair and reasonable carbon emission accounting method system.


（2） Improve laws, regulations and standards. We will build a legal system conducive to green and low-carbon development, and promote the formulation and revision of the energy law, the energy conservation law, the electricity law, the coal law, the renewable energy law, the circular economy promotion law, and the clean production promotion law. We will accelerate the updating of energy conservation standards, revise a number of energy consumption quotas, mandatory national standards for energy efficiency of products and equipment, and engineering construction standards, and raise the requirements for energy conservation and carbon reduction. We will improve the renewable energy standards system and accelerate the formulation and revision of standards in relevant fields. Establish and improve standards for hydrogen production, storage, transmission and use. We will improve the green and low-carbon industrial standard system. We will establish standards for carbon emission accounting, reporting and verification of key enterprises, and explore the establishment of carbon footprint standards for key products throughout their life cycles. Actively participate in the formulation and revision of international standards on energy efficiency and low carbon, and strengthen the coordination of international standards.


（3） We will improve economic policies. People's governments at all levels should increase support for carbon peak and carbon neutrality. We will establish and improve a tax policy system conducive to green and low-carbon development, implement and improve preferential tax policies for energy conservation, water conservation and comprehensive utilization of resources, and better play the role of Taxation in promoting green and low-carbon development of market players. We will improve the green electricity price policy, improve the residential step-by-step electricity price system and the time of use electricity price policy, and explore the establishment of a dynamic adjustment mechanism for the time of use electricity price. We will improve the evaluation mechanism of green finance and establish a sound standard system for green finance. We will vigorously develop financial instruments such as green loans, green equity, green bonds, green insurance, and green funds, establish carbon emission reduction support tools, guide financial institutions to provide long-term and low-cost funds for green and low-carbon projects, and encourage development oriented and policy oriented financial institutions to provide long-term and stable financing support for carbon peak action in accordance with the principles of marketization and rule of law. We will expand the depth and breadth of the green bond market, and support eligible green enterprises in listing, financing and refinancing. We will study the establishment of a national low-carbon Transformation Fund to support the green transformation of traditional industries and resource rich areas. We will encourage social capital to set up green and low-carbon industry investment funds in a market-oriented manner.


（4） Establish and improve the market mechanism. We will give full play to the role of the national carbon emission trading market, further improve the supporting system, and gradually expand the scope of trading industries. We will build a national trading market for energy use rights, improve the paid use and trading system for energy use rights, and do a good job in connecting with the dual control system for energy consumption. We will comprehensively promote the construction of markets for carbon emission rights, energy use rights, and electricity trading, strengthen the connection and coordination between market mechanisms, and bring the trading of carbon emission rights and energy use rights into the public resources trading platform. Actively promote contracted energy management, and promote the "one-stop" comprehensive service mode of energy conservation consulting, diagnosis, design, financing, transformation and trusteeship.


6、 Organization and Implementation


（1） Strengthen overall planning and coordination. We will strengthen the centralized and unified leadership of the Party Central Committee over carbon peaking and carbon neutralization. The leading group for carbon peaking and carbon neutralization will make overall deployment and systematic promotion of carbon peaking related work, coordinate research on important issues and formulate major policies. The member units of the leading group for carbon peak and carbon neutralization should promote relevant work in a down-to-earth manner in accordance with the decisions and arrangements of the Party Central Committee and the State Council and the work requirements of the leading group. The office of the leading group for carbon peak and carbon neutralization should strengthen overall coordination, regularly schedule the progress of work in various regions, key fields and key industries, scientifically propose a step-by-step timetable and road map for carbon peak, and urge the implementation of various goals and tasks.


（2） Strengthen the implementation of responsibilities. All regions and relevant departments should deeply understand the importance, urgency and complexity of carbon peaking and carbon neutralization, earnestly shoulder their responsibilities, and focus on the implementation of all tasks in accordance with the opinions of the CPC Central Committee and the State Council on fully, accurately and comprehensively implementing the new development concept and doing a good job in carbon peaking and carbon neutralization and the main objectives and key tasks defined in this plan, so as to ensure that policies, measures and results are in place, The implementation was included in the central and Provincial Ecological and environmental protection inspectors. All relevant units, people's organizations and social organizations should actively play their role in promoting green and low-carbon development in accordance with the relevant arrangements of the state.


（3） Strictly supervise and assess. We will implement a system that focuses on carbon intensity control and supplemented by total carbon emission control, implement collaborative management, decomposition and assessment of energy consumption and carbon emission indicators, and gradually establish a comprehensive evaluation and assessment system for carbon peak and carbon neutrality. We will strengthen the application of the results of supervision and assessment, commend and reward regions, units and individuals that have achieved outstanding results in carbon peak work according to regulations, and notify, criticize, interview and hold accountable regions and departments that have not completed their goals and tasks according to regulations and laws. The people's governments of all provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the central government shall organize the annual assessment of carbon peak goals and tasks, and report the progress and major problems to the leading group for carbon peak and carbon neutrality in a timely manner.